Crimping a twisted pair cable and connecting a Legrand computer socket. Connecting an Internet socket Wiring diagram for an Internet socket Legrand Valena

The power cord is used to connect to the network: it combines two PCs into one and connects to other computer devices.
It is extended from the provider to the home of each user individually.
The quality of its compression directly determines how good the connection speed and the operation of the device itself will be.
If you install the Internet in your home and invite a specialized team, there will be no problems.
But sometimes it becomes necessary to compress it yourself.
How to properly crimp an Internet cable is a serious question and should be approached responsibly, having previously studied the information.

Crimping Tools

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For that, To crimp the Internet cable yourself, you should have some tools:

2 Several adapters(spare ones, just in case). You can purchase them freely in a specialized store.

3 Crimper- a device used for crimping. It is relatively inexpensive, and if you plan to engage in these manipulations, you can buy it.

It is convenient to work with and safe for components.

3 Protection that is installed at the connection point between the cable and the adapter.

A useful thing, it will protect the wire from breaking at the interface.

If you are not inclined to spend additional money, you can use the tools that you have on hand.

But you need to work with them extremely carefully so as not to damage the material.

You can, for example, perform crimping using a regular screwdriver. Then, for manipulations, in addition, take a knife.

Types of cable

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For understanding, how to crimp an internet cable, you need to know what options exist and what they are used for.

Cross – used to connect two identical devices to each other.

For example, two personal computers or two .

Its peculiarity is that each side has its own set of wires.

Crimping methods do not differ between different types of wires. The only difference is what each of them is intended for.

Crimping Pattern Options

It got its name due to the compression method. It is the same for both wires.

But the user performs this manipulation once, since the second part of it is already included in and is with the provider.

For standard Internet with a speed of no more than 100 Mb/s, a connector with 4 cores is installed.

It is quite enough for this speed and for normal operation.

If you need a higher connection speed, then cord with 8 cores is used. It is more expensive.

Today, it is convenient that gadgets have a built-in function that allows you to automatically determine the type of connector and automatically select and carry out the necessary settings.

This greatly helps users who do not have professional knowledge in the field of IT connections, but are trying to solve on their own the problem of how to crimp an Internet cable at home.

It will configure everything automatically and will work absolutely correctly and without complications.

It should also be noted that almost all current devices have the Auto MDI-X form.

This suggests that crossover cables are becoming obsolete and almost no one uses them anymore.

Only those who can recognize the type of connection and configure it themselves are being replaced.

Direct Connect Cable Crimping

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So, let's take a closer look, how to properly crimp an internet cable.

First you need to clean the wires from their external protection.

In almost all wires in which the wires are in the form of a twisted pair. There is also a special thread with which you can easily get rid of the first layer.

Measure the required length for cutting (attach an adapter), taking into account that a small part of the external protection should extend into the connector by a few millimeters.

Inside the connector there are divisions, for each dart there is a separate one.

The wiring should be carefully arranged in them.

You need to insert it so that the outer shell also fits under the clamp of the adapter.

Using a screwdriver, you need to fix the connector where it comes into contact with the insulated part of the wire.

It is very important to keep track of the wiring; they should each be in their place.

Next step– you need to fix them in the contacts of the adapter.

For this action you will need a crimper.

With its use, the work will be done once and efficiently.

You can also crimp the cable without crimping tools, using a screwdriver to help you.

1 You need to insert it so that the outer shell also fits under the clamp of the adapter.

2 Conveniently place it on a table or other convenient place that will ensure reliable contact of the object with a smooth surface.

In this case, the clamp must be in a free position so as not to crush it during processing.

3 The pressure must be such that each wire will sit correctly in its place and cut through the insulation.

4 Use a flat-sided screwdriver and gently press the connector until no gaps or protrusions are visible.

At the end of processing, it is necessary to check the functionality of the product using a special device.

The tester must be configured as follows before testing: set the switch to diagnose resistance or set the sound signal to sound when the resistance force changes.

It is necessary to conduct a test for each wire separately.

If difficulties arise somewhere and the indicator does not respond, you need to tighten the broken wire and check again.

Of course, you can save money and not buy such a tip.

But the savings will be minimal, and if the wire is damaged, you will need to do the work done again, or even buy other components if something becomes unusable.

The job is done.

The important thing is that the better the adapter is made and the cord is crimped, the better the Internet connection to your PC will be.

If the Internet supply is intermittent, you should check the connector again. Indeed, in this case, over time, it may generally fail.

Cable crimping with cross connection

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Its difference when connected is that the wires change their sequence and are arranged according to the following diagram:

white-green;
green;
white-orange
blue;
white-blue;
orange;
white-brown;
brown.

In this case, the first end is processed using direct crimping, and the second using cross crimping.

Principle of operation

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Description

We clean the outer ball a few centimeters.
We arrange the wires in the correct sequence.
We measure the required length. This can be done using a crimper.
We insert the wires (so as not to confuse them) into the adapter. A few centimeters of insulation also gets there. All of them must rest against the plastic - only in this case the work will be done, right.
We use a crimper. You need to press firmly so that all the wires are secured and remain motionless.
You can accept the job.

Four-core cable

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Cables with a twisted pair section most often have eight cores.

They were the first to be used when the Internet appeared in homes.

With the spread of such a means of communication, providers came up with a way to save money and began to use 4-core cables instead of 8-core cables. It's much cheaper.

The four-wire wire has its own distinctive feature, which few people know about, and certainly providers are aware of it.

The fact is that it can transmit data streams at speeds only up to 100 Mbit/s.

If the user does not expect a speed of more than 100 Mbit/s, this connector will suit him. Otherwise, you should turn to an eight-core one.

The tools for crimping will be the same as described earlier - a connector and a crimper.

The difficulty in working with this option is that you need to understand the color design of the internal wiring.

After all crimping the internet cable will come out correctly, if you know how they are located colors.

Thank you! Did not help

Greetings!
Today I decided to write a continuation of the article about and consider such a thing as connecting an RJ-45 Internet outlet. Although you can find some instructions on the Internet, there is little specific information on the RJ-45 pinout in the socket, mostly pictures, and no detailed instructions at all. Let's fill this gap.

Why install internet sockets?

Usually, when connecting the Internet to your computer in an apartment, the technician throws a long cable coming from the provider panel on the staircase. You have to do the laying of it around the apartment yourself and it is not always aesthetically pleasing. As a rule, we just throw it somewhere behind the closet or, as a last resort, put it in the baseboard. This is if we are talking about one computer, but what if you want to connect several devices to the Internet via cable at once - computers, TV? Then you will have to surround the entire apartment with cables, which will completely ruin the appearance. Therefore, it is best to foresee this possibility in advance during the next renovation and make hidden wiring of Internet cables, running them inside the walls, and in each room make an exit in the form of a special RJ-45 socket.

Usually the router has 4 outputs for connecting LAN cables, respectively, lay 4 cables in the rooms, and bring their other ends to one place, next to the front door, where you can easily hang the router and connect the cables crimped with a connector to the LAN connectors of the router. And the cable from the provider, when connecting the Internet itself, can also be stretched literally a few centimeters to the place where the router is attached - very convenient, practical and aesthetically pleasing.

Pinout of RJ 45 Legrand socket

But in order to implement such a scheme, you need to connect those ends of the cables that go outside in the room to a special Internet outlet into which a patch cord will be plugged in to connect to the computer. I will tell you using the example of the popular Legrand model, a well-known manufacturer of various small items for repairing indoor wiring. This is how it looks externally when assembled and already installed on the wall.

And here it is - disassembled.

To connect cables to it, you must first remove the braid and disconnect the twisted pairs from each other. At the same time, be careful not to damage the cables; they are very thin and easily break even with a small cut. After this, we take the socket and turn the latch so that the top cover to which this latch is attached is removed.

Legrand socket connection diagram (RJ-45)

How to do this is clearly shown in the manufacturer’s official diagram. Just before doing this, pay attention to how the colors of the wires are located in relation to the base mount, so that later, when installing it in place, you do not put this box upside down and thereby confuse the cables. In the model I am describing, the blue color is directed towards that part of the base of the rosette that is located on the “elevation”, and the brown color is on the lower part.

After removing the top part, we insert our network cable from the side of the white latch - so that the braid goes inside it to prevent the colored wires from bending. Now let's look carefully at this little gray box. It has special grooves for these cables, and on the outside there are color and numerical designations indicating which wire should be fixed in which color. Confusion for beginners is caused by the fact that in these color designations the manufacturer tried to combine both type “A” and type “B”. Both of these types with color numbering are demonstrated in the instruction picture above. So, it will be easier to navigate by matching the wire numbers marked on the connector with the cell numbers on this box for crimping the socket.

In this case, you need to choose exactly the type with which the opposite ends of the cables with connectors that will be connected to the router were or will be crimped, that is, both ends must have the same crimp type - either A or B.

We decided on the type and after that we arrange the colors according to the numbers on the socket. I would like to point out that there was an error in the official instructions - in the picture, brown and white-brown are reversed in relation to the actual color of the socket.

Next, we take the box with the inserted wires and easily place it on the base of the mount - while remembering that the blue colors look towards the elevation. And we tighten the latch until it clicks - at the same time, sharp contact plates cut through the braid and the wires are connected to the contact cores on the external connector of the socket. It should be noted here that this does not always happen correctly - I had cases when the braid was not cut through and one of the wires did not make contact, as a result of which the connection between the PC and the router did not work.

In order to determine this, you need to “ring” each contact for the passage of an electrical signal between the two ends of the cable. This can be done either using a universal device that is used by all electricians. Or using a special tester for checking Internet connections - I ordered one from China and showed it to you in a video review. In this case, to connect an outlet to the device, use a known working patch code, for example, which came with the router.

If everything works, then you can fix the RJ-45 Internet socket in the socket box and install an external decorative frame. That's it - turns out it's not that difficult. For starters, watch a video on how to test the performance of cables.

Thank you! Did not help

In many families, several devices are connected to the Internet: we can’t imagine life without the World Wide Web, so everyone needs their own line. They work mainly using a wireless protocol - Wi-Fi, but there is still a wire, since wired Internet is still more stable than wireless. During repairs, all wires are hidden in the walls and “Internet” wires are no exception. They, like electric ones, are plugged into sockets, only of a different standard: they are called computer or information. They can have different connectors, but the most common is RJ 45. You can do the installation and connection yourself, but since the connector looks unusual in appearance, there are more than two or three wires in it, and the connection is not ensured by soldering or twisting, you need to know , how to connect an Internet outlet and also the connector that should be inserted into it.

RJ-45 connector crimping

The Internet cable entering an apartment or house, most often called twisted pair, often ends in a small plastic connector. This plastic device is a connector, usually RJ45. In professional jargon they are also called “Jack”.

Its body is transparent, so wires of different colors are visible. The same devices are used on connecting wires that connect computers to each other or to a modem. Only the order of arrangement (or, as computer scientists say, pinout) of the wires can differ. The same connector is inserted into a computer socket. If you understand how the wires are distributed in the connector, there will be no problems connecting the Internet outlet.

Internet cable connection diagram by color

There are two connection schemes: T568A and T568B. The first option - “A” is practically not used in our country, and everywhere the wires are arranged according to the “B” scheme. It is necessary to remember it, since it is what is required in most cases.

To finally clarify all the issues, let's talk about the number of wires in a twisted pair. This Internet cable comes in 2-pair and 4-pair versions. To transfer data at speeds up to 1 Gb/s, 2-pair cables are used, from 1 to 10 Gb/s - 4-pair. Today, apartments and private houses are mostly supplied with flows of up to 100 Mb/s. But with the current pace of development of Internet technology, it is quite possible that in just a couple of years the speeds will be measured in Megabits. It is for this reason that it is better to immediately expand a network of eight rather than 4 conductors. Then when changing speed you won't have to redo anything. The equipment will simply use more conductors. The difference in cable price is small, and sockets and connectors for the Internet still use eight-pin ones.

If the network is already wired in two pairs, use the same connectors, only after the first three conductors laid according to scheme B, skip two contacts and place the green conductor in place of the sixth (see photo).

Crimping a twisted pair cable into a connector

There are special pliers for crimping wires in the connector. They cost about $6-10 depending on the manufacturer. They are more convenient to work with, although you can get by with a regular screwdriver and wire cutters.

First, the insulation is removed from the twisted pair. It is removed at a distance of 7-8 cm from the end of the cable. Underneath there are four pairs of conductors of different colors, twisted in twos. Sometimes there is also a thin shielding wire; we just bend it to the side - we don’t need it. We untwist the pairs, align the wires, spreading them in different directions. Then fold according to pattern “B”.

The procedure for sealing the RJ-45 connector in the connector

We clamp the wires in the required order between the thumb and forefinger. We lay out the wires evenly, tightly to each other. Having aligned everything, we take wire cutters and cut off the excess length of the wires laid out in order: 10-12 mm should remain. If you attach the connector as in the photo, the insulation of the twisted pair should begin above the latch.

We insert the twisted pair with the cut wires into the connector. Please note that you need to take it with the latch (protrusion on the lid) down.

Each conductor must get into a special path. Insert the wires all the way - they should reach the edge of the connector. Holding the cable at the edge of the connector, insert it into the pliers. The handles of the pliers are brought together smoothly. If the body has become normal, no special effort is required. If you feel that it “doesn’t work”, double-check whether the RJ45 is installed correctly in the socket. If everything is fine, try again.

When pressed, the protrusions present in the pliers will move the conductors to the microknives, which will cut through the protective sheath and ensure contact.

This connection is reliable and problems rarely arise with it. And if something happens, it’s easy to re-terminate the cable: cut it off and repeat the process with another “jack”.

Video tutorial: crimping an RJ-45 connector with pliers and a screwdriver

The procedure is simple and easy to repeat. Perhaps it will be easier for you to do everything after the video. It shows how to work with pliers, as well as how to do without them, and do everything with a regular straight screwdriver.

How to connect an internet cable to a power outlet

Now we come directly to how to connect the Internet outlet. Let's start with the varieties. Like regular electrical sockets, information sockets come in two modifications:

According to the number of connection points, there are single and double computer sockets.

Although computer sockets differ in appearance, the principle of connecting conductors is the same. There are special contacts equipped with microknives. The protective sheath is cut through the inserted conductor. As a result, the metal of the microknife contacts fits tightly to the metal of the conductor.

How to connect a computer wall socket

Inside each outlet there is a hint on how to place the wires when connecting the Internet cable. Manufacturers stick on the color scheme that we saw when crimping the connector. There are also two options - “A” and “B”, and we also use option “B”.

The case is mounted on the wall, usually with the cable inlet up and the computer connector down. The next steps are simple:

Connecting a twisted pair cable to an outlet is really a simple procedure. Even the first time it will take a few minutes. You can see again what they do and how in the video. It first shows the connection of an Internet cable with 4 wires, then with 8.

How to connect an internal Internet socket

We won’t describe the installation of the plastic box - that’s a different topic. Let's look at the features of connection and assembly. The main problem here is how to disassemble computer sockets. When connecting conductors to them, you need to get to the contact part: a small ceramic or plastic case with built-in microknife contacts. The conductors are connected to this mounting plate, and then the housing is reassembled. And the whole problem is that different manufacturers assemble/disassemble them differently.

For example, from the popular manufacturer of computer sockets Legrand (LeGrand), in order to get to the connectors in the Legrand Valena RJ45 computer socket, you need to remove the front cover. Under it you will find a white plastic impeller (as in the photo), with an arrow on it.

You need to turn the impeller in the direction of the arrow, after which you will have the housing and the contact plate in your hands. It has color-coded conductors. The connection is no different, except that first you need to thread a twisted pair into the hole on the plate, and then separate the wires.

For clarity, watch the video.

Another popular manufacturer of such equipment is Lezard. His system is different. The front panel and metal frame are fixed with small bolts. They are easy to unscrew, but the internal contact plate is held in place by clamps. When assembling and disassembling Lezard computer sockets in the right places, you need to press out the contacts with a screwdriver.

To remove the plastic contact group from the housing, you need to press the latch located on the top. After which you will have a small box in your hands. But that's not all. It is necessary to remove the plastic cover that covers and presses the conductors. Remove it by prying up the side petals with a screwdriver. The plastic is elastic and the effort required is quite decent. Just don't overdo it: it's still plastic. After that, the wiring is standard: according to the markings on the sides (do not forget that we are using diagram “B”).

If you know how to connect an Internet outlet, it’s not difficult to figure out even an unfamiliar model. And now you can upgrade your network yourself (increase the length of the twisted pair, move the computer to another location, make another connection point, etc.), without involving specialists. One more question remains: how to connect double sockets. Two cables are connected to them and then the color scheme is added. This is possible when your network is formed by a modem or two Internet lines are connected. Is it possible to connect both inputs with one cable? It’s possible, but you need to avoid getting confused in the color designation of the wires in the further wiring of the network (remember which color you used instead of which).

Both home craftsmen and professional construction engineers are interested in the correct algorithm for connecting an outlet for Internet access. After all, both functionality and speed of work depend on this. In this article we will show you step by step how to connect a twisted pair cable to an outlet. We will also present advice from experts in this field.

Internet cable

How to connect a twisted pair cable to an outlet? The step-by-step algorithm for solving the problem begins with the following:

Install a router in the low-current switchboard. It connects to standard 220 V.
Next, you should lay a four-pair UTP series 5E cable in a separate groove or cable channel (naturally, not connected to power lines). Another name for it is “twisted pair”. It can be explained simply: the wires inside the cable are twisted into peculiar pigtails in twos. This is done by the manufacturer for a reason: it was created to reduce the influence of interference.
What about the choice of twisted pair for the Internet? The one we have indicated, for example, allows a connection speed of up to 1 Gb/sec at intervals of up to 100 m. You can obtain more detailed technical specifications of the product from the seller, on the manufacturer’s official website.
It is important to decide on the types of twisted pairs - shielded and unshielded versions. The screen is foil. This is applicable for networks where there is normal grounding.
Note that only two Internet sockets are connected to a 5E cable (four pairs of wires). Two pairs will be involved separately here.
How to connect a twisted pair cable to an outlet? The next step is to install the cable from the switchboard with the router to the electrical outlet. It is necessary to use a single piece of twisted pair cable.
Finally, the cable is inserted into the installation box. The master always leaves the necessary reserve - from 15 cm and longer.

Installing an outlet

Now let's move on to installing the Internet outlet:

The first step is to remove the cover from the socket. For ease of installation, it is easiest to get the caliper.
If the design of the socket allows it, then you can first install the frame on the socket box. Thanks to the grooves in it (standard frame), the horizontal position is easily adjusted.
Screw the structure with 3*25 mm screws.
It is recommended to check the strictly horizontal position of the structure with a special level from a Pocket Electric electrician. If the compliance is strict, then you can tighten the screws. Note that if the frame is made of aluminum alloy (which is stronger than the previous ones in design), then it will be magnetic to the level (the master will have to hold the latter with his hand).
How to install a twisted-pair Internet outlet? The next stage of action is to “bite off” and leave a supply of wire at least 15 cm long in the socket box.
Now carefully remove the top layer of insulation from the twisted pair. In order not to damage the cable cores, we recommend carrying out the procedure with a special tool - a stripper. If you are not new to this business, then you can carefully handle the task with an ordinary stationery knife.
What is the maximum length of the stripped surface? About 2.5 cm. Don’t forget to also carefully trim off the excess thread between the wires with scissors. Why is she needed here? The thread is used to facilitate the opening of the outer sheaths of cables over long lengths. Hence its name - breaking thread. For example, it will separate the layers and bunches.
Next, you should carefully unravel the wires separately.
Take out the inside of the socket - the one with the contacts.
To do this, you should be armed with the instructions for the socket. It is either included in the kit or available on the device manufacturer’s website.

Connection standards

How to connect a twisted pair cable to an outlet? The next step is to open the cover of its (socket) contact part and carefully examine the markings. Remember that each RJ45 socket can be connected in two ways:

Type A. Color arrangement: white-orange, bright orange, white-green, blue, white-blue, green, white-brown, rich brown.
Type B. Color arrangement: white-green, green, white-orange, blue, white-blue, orange, white-brown, rich brown.

Connection diagram

How to properly connect a twisted pair cable to the socket contacts? In most cases, craftsmen choose the second option - B. Figuring out where to connect the wires is easy - you need to carefully inspect the socket body. There the manufacturer indicates which standard corresponds to which specific contact.

As an example, let's look at Unica:

Protocol type A here will refer to the top color marking. Accordingly, when connecting, you need to focus on these shades.
Protocol type B is, logically, the bottom color coding.

If you understand the standards and connection types, then you have actually overcome the most difficult stage of the work. Further connection of the twisted pair will no longer cause difficulties.

The B protocol we chose corresponds to the color scheme of the EIA/TIA-568B standard. On one side of the clip you will see the colors:

White-orange.
Bright orange.
White-green.
Bright green.

The other side has the following colors:

Bright blue.
White and blue.
White-brown.
Rich brown.

We installed the twisted pair cable in advance. At this stage of work you do the following:

Pass the wire through the cover. Let us remind you that its insulation layer should already have been removed by 2.5 cm. In this case, there is no need to strip it right under the wall of the socket box! The section with no insulation must be of the minimum length. And it is not just words. The number of layers per 1 m of cable is strictly calculated and regulated.
Now all that remains is to insert all the unbraided wires into the contact grooves of the socket.
Then snap the lid shut. It is at this stage that it is recommended to cut off the protruding ends of the wires.
Let's dwell on the main advantage of Internet outlets. There is no need to remove the insulation from the cores themselves, or to “strike” them down to the copper wire! If you look closely, knives are already installed inside such an outlet. What is their purpose? After you close the lid, these tools automatically cut the insulation, resulting in a contact connection. That is why some manufacturer's instructions indicate that the use of crimps is prohibited. The fact is that the crossover is already included in the design: the lid is closed, the knives cut the wires, placing them at the required depth of the connector. It's so simple and functional.
In fact, the outlet is already connected. All that remains is to insert it into the support, the twisted pair connector.
Now it's a small matter: install the front panel and (if available) a decorative frame.

Connecting to the router, crimping the connector

We generally figured out how to work with internal twisted pair cable when connecting an outlet. Let's move on to the next stage of work. After installing the Internet outlet, the technician turns to connecting the twisted pair cable to the router located in the switchboard.

This is the following algorithm of actions:

A small section of insulation is removed from the end of the cable opposite the socket - no more than 2-3 cm.
Next, straighten, “fluff” the veins.
We will insert them according to the standard B already given above.
Be careful, the arrangement of colors should be considered from left to right: white-orange, bright orange, white-green, light blue (blue), white-blue, bright green, white-brown, rich brown.
When does Standard A apply? As a twisted pair tool, it is only needed to connect two computers together. The algorithm of actions here is somewhat different: one end of the cable is crimped according to type B, the other - according to type A.
By the way, let’s give professional formulations. How to crimp a twisted pair "8 core" Internet connection? A patch cord is the crimping of both ends of a cable to the same standard - AA or BB. Cross is the case when they are swapped (AB or BA).
Please note that when connecting to the router, you should not strip the cable wires again. You just need to insert them all the way into the connector.
Go ahead. The connector with the wiring is compressed with a special device - a crimper. However, many craftsmen replace it with the tip of a knife or a thin screwdriver. When using improvised means, be careful: the connector can be easily damaged.
Note that twisted pairs 5E and cat6 in an RJ45 connector are crimped according to the same principle. You don't need any other "fork" here. What's the difference? This is the data transfer rate. Accordingly, cat6 will have higher this characteristic.

Checking the connection

On one side of the cable we installed an Internet socket, on the other we crimped the connector. Next, it is advisable to check both the connection itself and the integrity of the connections. Here you can limit yourself to even an inexpensive device made in China.

The device consists of two parts. The first is a signal generator that generates a pulse according to certain codes. The second is the pulse data receiver.

The generator is connected by the technician at the location where the router is installed, and the receiver is connected directly to the Internet outlet itself. The next stage is pulses. The master compares them:

The green lights on the device body light up one by one. The system is working properly.
One or more light bulbs do not light up. There is a short circuit or break somewhere in the system. First of all, problems are blamed on poor contact in the connector. In most cases, this is where the insulation from one of the cores is not completely cut off, as a result of which the connection is not established.

After you have checked the work done, just insert the connector into the router, connect the computer to the network, and then test the Internet.

Connecting a four-wire telephone cable

The following situation often arises: the socket is designed for the “8-core” standard, and in your home only a four-wire telephone cable is used for the Internet. How to be in this case?

If you just start connecting pins to wires by color, it won't get you anywhere. The signal simply won’t get through, even if you carefully match the colored wires with the connectors that match the shade. Masters will explain this by saying that for effective signal transmission it is necessary to use contacts 1-2-3-6.

Let's explain how to do this in practice:

Place two wires on pins 1-2. This is done like this: white-orange wire to white-orange contact, orange wire to orange contact.
On the other hand, we will connect the cores to the remaining contacts 3-6. This is done like this: white-blue wires to the white-green contact, blue (blue) wires to the green contact.

Only in this case is problem-free operation of the system possible. Here it is not the colors that are important, but the positions. Different shades are used by the manufacturer to make it visually easier for you to distinguish the location of the same core at opposite ends of a twisted pair.

It is important to keep in mind another feature. The use of four wires (two pairs in a cable) makes possible a maximum data transfer rate of 100 Mbit/s. But if you need to connect to a gigabit network (up to 1 Gbit/sec), then you need an eight-core cable.

To conclude the story, I would like to look at the three most common mistakes that both beginners and experienced professionals make when installing an Internet outlet.

Mistake #1

The most common mistake is the incorrect position of the wires according to the protocol in the connector and the socket itself. What does it look like? The master could turn them 180°.

The error can be checked by more carefully studying the information on the body of the Internet outlet and becoming familiar with the color of the cores themselves.

The easiest way to identify connection inaccuracies is to use a special tester with a receiver and generator. It will show the error like this: the lights will light up not one by one (from 1-8), which is typical for normal operation, but in an arbitrary, random order.

Mistake #2

The second most popular error is insignificant at first glance. As you remember, when installing an Internet outlet, we recommended cutting the wires after closing the lid. Some craftsmen are in a hurry and shorten the wires before this moment - immediately after laying the wires in the corresponding slots.

In this case, the core may accidentally fall out of the connector before it slams shut. Inserting it cut back will be problematic. Often the way out of the problem is to carry out a new stripping and repeat the connection cycle in a new circle.

Big problems are encountered by those craftsmen who left the supply of twisted pair cable in the installation box too small - less than 15 cm.

Mistake #3

The last example of poor quality work is stripping the outer insulation of the cable to a distance greater than 2.5 cm. That is, almost to the walls of the socket box. Experienced craftsmen sometimes make this mistake even automatically, since in 220 V networks it is necessary to strip the insulation in this way.

The result will be a noticeable deterioration in signal quality and data transfer speed. The issue can only be resolved by redoing all the work again.

Hence the advice of experienced craftsmen: do not unravel the “braids” of the veins right up to the point where the isolayer is cut. There is no need to use such a rough tool as a screwdriver for this. It is best to carefully push the wires apart with your fingers to a length that would allow the wires to fit into the slots.

We've figured out how to connect a twisted pair cable to a socket and connector to create an Internet connection between a router and a computer. As you can see, the process is not complicated. The most difficult stage: figuring out which core is connected to which contact in the socket itself according to existing standards. We also ask you to pay attention to common mistakes made by experts.

Ten years ago, home Internet was a rarity; now in cities almost everyone has it. Moreover, there is more than one device, so you have to create a fairly extensive network at home, run wires, install Internet sockets. Wires for the Internet are called twisted pair. They end with a special plug-connector. The process of connecting a cable to a connector is called “twisted pair crimping.” Let's talk further about what it is and how to do it yourself.

Twisted pair is a special cable that consists of one or more pairs of copper wires in a protective sheath, twisted together with a certain pitch. If there are several pairs in the cable, their twist pitch is different. This allows you to reduce the influence of conductors on each other. Twisted pair cable is used to create data networks (Internet). The cable is connected to devices through special connectors that are inserted into standardized equipment connectors.

Species and types

Twisted pair may or may not be secure. The protected pair has screens made of aluminum foil or braid. Protection can be general - for the cable - and pairwise - for each pair separately. For indoor installation, you can use an unshielded cable (UTP marking) or with a common foil shield (FTP). For outdoor installation, it is better to take it with an additional metal braid (SFTP). If along the route a twisted pair runs parallel to electrical cables, it makes sense to take a cable with protection for each pair (STP and S/STP). Thanks to the double shield, the length of such a cable can be more than 100 m.

Twisted pair is a cable that is used to connect wired Internet.

There is also multi-core and single-core twisted pair. Single-core wires bend worse, but have better characteristics (the signal can be transmitted over long distances) and tolerate crimping better. They are used when connecting Internet outlets. In this case, the cable is fixed during installation and then hardly bends.

Multicore twisted pair bends well, but has greater attenuation (the signal travels worse), it is easier to cut through when crimping, and it is more difficult to insert into the connector. It is used where flexibility is important - from an Internet outlet to an end device (computer, laptop, router).

Selecting a Category and Containment

And a few words about the color of the protective sheath and the shape of the cable. The most common type is gray twisted pair, but there is also orange (bright red). The first type is ordinary, the second is in a shell that does not support combustion. It makes sense to use non-flammable twisted pair in wooden houses (just in case), but there is no particular need for this.

The shape of a twisted pair cable can be round or flat. Round twisted pair is used almost everywhere, while flat twisted pair is only needed when laying on the floor. Although no one is stopping you from running it under the baseboard or in a special baseboard with.

Number of pairs

Basically, twisted pair is available in 2 pairs (4 wires) and 4 pairs (8 wires). According to modern standards, at speeds up to 100 Mb/s, you can use two-pair cables (four wires). At speeds from 100 Mb/s to 1 Gb/s, 4 pairs (eight wires) are needed.

It’s better to immediately take a cable with 8 wires...so that you don’t have to retighten

Currently, the data transfer speed for Internet connections for private houses and apartments does not exceed 100 Mb/sec, that is, you can use a twisted pair of 4 wires. But the situation is changing so quickly that there is no guarantee that in a few years the 100 Mbps threshold will be exceeded, which means that the cable will have to be pulled. In fact, there are already tariffs with speeds of 120 Mbit/sec and higher. So it’s better to pull 8 wires at once.

What is twisted pair crimping and how to do it

To connect to a peripheral device, the twisted pair ends with a specially shaped plug - a connector, into the grooves of which wires are inserted. These grooves end with copper contact plates, and approximately in the middle of their length, perpendicular to the plane of the plates, a metal plate with slots (knives) is installed. When a twisted pair is crimped, the inserted wires are pressed against the knives, they cut through the protective sheath of the wires, and they themselves are pressed tightly against the copper conductor, ensuring good contact.

At first glance, this connection method seems unreliable, but practice has shown that it is at least as good as high-quality soldering, and sometimes even more reliable, since the chances of damaging the insulation are minimal. But good contact is ensured only if standards are observed in the manufacture of connectors and twisted pairs.

To crimp twisted pair cables, you need special pliers with a socket for the connector. A connector with wires tucked into it is inserted into this socket, then the pliers are compressed until it stops. This completes the crimping of the twisted pair. This method is reliable, since the pliers develop a standard force, which is just necessary to cut through the insulation, but not enough to damage the conductors. Such crimping pliers (or crimpers) cost about $15-18. If you need to install several connectors, you can already think about purchasing such equipment. If you only need to terminate one piece of cable, you can try using a regular screwdriver or pliers.

When crimping a twisted pair with a screwdriver, each wire is separately pressed into the knife until the sheath is cut through. The method is not the most convenient - the screwdriver slips, it is difficult to check whether the sheath has been cut through, and there is no certainty that the wire is not damaged. But this method of crimping is also possible.

When crimping twisted pair cables with pliers, you need to be even more careful. We press the plate with the jaws, but since the shape of the pliers is not sharpened to fit the connector, it is easy to pinch the wires along the edges or break the housing. Therefore, we press little by little, on one side and the other. If the middle is not pressed through, take a screwdriver and straighten the wires with it.

Selecting a wire pinout diagram

As you might guess, the wires in the connector must be placed in a certain order. This order in the language of professionals is called “pinout”. In our country, two wire layouts are accepted: straight (568V) and cross-over (cross-over in Russian, designated 568A). Direct pinout is used when connecting a switch/hub/router to a computer or other device, cross pinout is used when connecting two computers directly. That is, we usually use a direct circuit, which is labeled 568B. The order of wires when crimping a twisted pair in this case is as in the photo.

If you look at this diagram, you will understand why it is called straight. Because if crimping a twisted pair is done with its help, the wires at both ends of the cord (if it is done) are located the same way.

The following diagram shows the cross pinout diagram of a twisted pair cable. The name is also clear - on the opposite side the wires are located in a different - inverted - order.

There is also a circuit for crimping a twisted pair into 4 cores (two-pair cable). Some of the tracks in the connector remain empty. But the order of actions does not change.

This connection method is only used to connect peripheral devices, so the circuit is only direct. Please note that on each diagram there are numbers from 1 to 8. They indicate the contact number. When laying wires in a connector or when connecting to a socket, look for numbers on the housing. They are extruded, but it is difficult to see them on transparent or white plastic. Having found the numbers 1 or 8, you know how to hold the connector and in what order to arrange the wires.

Twisted pair crimping procedure

Now about the process itself. When working, you must be careful not to damage the conductors or insulation in the wrong place. If there are no special tools for stripping the insulation, use a stationery or sharply sharpened kitchen knife. To avoid damaging the insulation, first cut it only a little, then bend the cable. Chalk is specially added to the polymer shell, which makes it brittle when broken. So the slightly cut insulation breaks when bent. This applies to stripping the cable sheath. You will also need to cut the conductors, there are no special tricks here - take the wire cutters and bite them off.

The procedure for crimping a twisted pair cable is as follows:

Carefully remove the insulation from the cable. We make a cut at a distance of about 15 mm from the edge, without trying to cut through the shell. Then we take the cable on both sides of the cut and bend it. The shell bursts at the cut site. It is necessary to change the bending direction a couple of times so that the insulation is completely separated. Then we simply pull the separated piece to the side; it comes off without much effort.
We straighten the conductors; if there is a screen, we twist it and bend it to the side. We lay out the wires in colors according to the required pattern. We pinch them between the thumb and forefinger, straighten them so that they are straight and go one next to the other.
We take wire cutters and cut the wires so that they stick out from the beginning of the insulation by 9-10 mm.
We take the RJ-45 connector, turn it with its “tail” down, and insert the wires into the grooves. This is perhaps the most difficult part. Without experience, they don’t want to get into their jobs.
We push the inserted wires forward until they stop. In this case, if you cut the wires correctly, the edge of the insulation rests against the mark on the connector. This is the type of crimping of the Internet cable that will work without problems. If it is not a sheathed cable that comes out of the connector, but insulated wires sticking out, problems may occur after a while and you will have to crimp the twisted pair again.
“All the way” means that the wires reach the end of the grooves and the insulation rests against the side
We take the pliers, insert the connector into the socket (there is a specially shaped slot there, so you can’t go wrong), and squeeze the handles. This completes the crimping of the twisted pair.
Crimping twisted pair, the last stage - press with pliers

Video on the topic

No matter how you describe the processes in words, it is better to see everything in action. Therefore, the video is worth watching to have a complete idea of what you have to do and how. The next video shows how to crimp an Internet cable without special pliers.

The process of crimping a twisted pair into 4 cores is not too different from an eight-core one, but there are certain difficulties when trying to thread the wires into the desired grooves.

An Internet cable can end with more than just a connector. It can connect to an Internet outlet. You also need to connect a twisted pair cable to it and connect it.

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